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Free lab report template. The standard scientific IMRaD structure — abstract, introduction, materials & methods, results, discussion and conclusion — with guidance for each section. Copy it for biology, chemistry, physics or engineering.
The template
Title — concise, specific (what was investigated)

Abstract — 150–250 words: aim, method, key result, conclusion

1. Introduction
Background, the scientific question, your hypothesis and aim.

2. Materials & Methods
What you did, in enough detail to be reproduced. Past tense, passive voice. Equipment, procedure, variables.

3. Results
Report findings objectively with tables and figures. State what you found — do not interpret here. Reference each figure/table in the text.

4. Discussion
Interpret the results: do they support the hypothesis? Compare with expected values / literature, explain anomalies, address sources of error and limitations.

5. Conclusion
Brief: what the experiment showed, in relation to the aim.

References — in your required style

How to use this template

Results report, Discussion interprets

The most common lab-report error is interpreting results in the Results section. Keep Results purely factual (what happened) and save all interpretation, comparison and explanation for the Discussion.

Methods must be reproducible

Write the method so another student could repeat your experiment exactly. Use the past tense and passive voice, and include quantities, equipment and controlled variables.

Address sources of error

High-scoring discussions honestly evaluate limitations and likely sources of error, and explain how they might have affected the results — this shows scientific maturity.

See our lab report writing help, chemistry and biology assignment help.

Frequently asked questions

IMRaD stands for Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion — the standard structure for scientific lab reports, usually preceded by a title and abstract and followed by a conclusion and references.

A 150–250 word summary of the aim, the method, the key result and the main conclusion. Write it last, once the rest of the report is complete.

Results state what you found, objectively, with tables and figures. Discussion interprets those findings — whether they support the hypothesis, how they compare with the literature, and what limitations apply.

Most scientific lab reports use the past tense and passive voice (“the solution was heated”) rather than the first person, though some courses now accept “we”. Check your department’s guidance.

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